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On the eve of WWII, when it came time to assign a
name to the future DD617, the Navy paid a long overdue debt to the unsung
memory of one of its most intrepid naval heroes. His name was John
Ordronaux, a privateer from the United States in the War of 1812.
He was born at Nantes France, Dec. 16, 1778, the son of a French
merchant skipper John Ordronaux and his English wife, Joanna Hammond, from
the city of Hull. Amid the turmoil of the French Revolution, young John
followed his father in the business of seafaring and learned his trade in
the waters off Bordeaux. The troubled times in which he gained his
education no doubt set the stage for his prowess as a daring and self
reliant sea captain years later.
Historically, John Ordronaux comes
on the scene at the outbreak of America's war with great Britain in 1812.
At the time he was skippering the French privateer Marengo under the
ownership of a Mme. Flory Charretton, a Parisian woman of considerable
wealth. John sailed to the United States in the Marengo where he obtained
a letter of marque to engage in hostilities against the British on behalf
of his new host country.
After a successful cruise in Marengo, he
turned her over to his former mate, Captain Ridois. His interest had now
focused on a new vessel that he had seen lying idle in a New York
shipyard. She was a sailor's dream, a sleek fast schooner/brigantine
designed by Christian Bergh of Baltimore clipper fame. With Mme.
Chareetton's support, John bought the ship and named her the PRINCE de
NEUFCHATEL. After obtaining another letter of marque in New York he sailed
for Cherbourg to complete fitting out. In early March of 1814, under the
American flag, and armed with 18 guns she set out into the target-rich
waters off the English Channel. In a short time she took nine prizes and
at one point was pursued by seventeen enemy men-of-war and was able to out
run them all.
On July 4th, 1814, he sailed for New York with Mme.
Charretton on board. She was to die the following September in New York as
a US citizen, never to see the fame of her captain was to achieve. After
more successes in English waters, John Ordronaux and his crew desired to
return to the United States. In early October of 1814, the PRINCE de
NEUFCHATEL was making her first privateering cruise out of a US port with
a very small crew of 37 men. Four days out of Boston, she captured the
English merchantmen Douglass and took it under tow. Suddenly at noon on
October 11th, off Nantucket Shoal, the British 40 gun frigate Endymion
appeared on the horizon. Spotting PRINCE with her prize, the Britisher
gave chase and enjoyed the advantage of a sligh breeze to close the
distance.
By seven in the evening both ships were becalmed, in
sight of each other and just outside gun range. Seeing his ship was
drifting towards shore, Ordronaux cast off his prize and set anchor,
knowing the shallow depth prevented the Endymion from closing any further.
As darkness fell, 120 English sailors and marines, in five boats
skillfully converged on the PRINCE to board her; outnumbering the
Americans nearly four to one. Attacking simultaneously from five points, a
furious and bloody melee ensued. Few British gained the deck but when one
group did and were getting ready to rush the defenders, John Ordronaux
took a desperate gamble. Vowing to never surrender his ship, he held a
lighted match over a companionway to the magazine, threatening to blow up
the entire vessel if his men did not rally and drive the enemy off her
decks. This they accomplished.
When it was all over, the British
had lost 49 killed, 37 wounded, and 30 taken prisoner. As for Captain
Ordronaux's crew their loss was proportionally severe, with seven killed
and 24 wounded -a total of 31 or 84% of the crew. The next day with only
six able bodied crewmen, John deposited prisoners ashore, reclaimed his
prize and when the wind came up, evaded the Endymion; running into Boston
Harbor on October 15th. Looking at this engagement the outcome was
extraordinary in light of the fact a privately financed vessel frustrated
the utmost efforts of a vastly superior man-of-war.
After his
return to Boston, John Ordronaux, now a full owner of the PRINCE, handed
the helm over to his former first mate. Eventually, the PRINCE was
captured by the British and taken to England where her design was
incorporated in new construction. She was accidentally destroyer in a dry
dock handling mishap. With peace restored John returned to Bordeaux and
married Mme Charretton's daughter, Elizabeth. They later moved to New York
where John established a sugar business. In 1841 Captain Ordronaux was in
Cartagena, Colombia, conducting such business, when he died of yellow
fever on August 24th of that same year. His body, while being transported
home, was thrown overboard by superstitious sailors when their ship nearly
sank during a storm.
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